"Without food and water, mankind is not a community. It is a mob." - Margaret Atwood
BLUF: Food is the fundamental fuel for survival. Preparedness in the form of diverse approaches is key to overcoming challenges and ensuring access to this vital necessity, regardless of the circumstances encountered.
Introduction:
In a world filled with uncertainties, the importance of food transcends mere sustenance; it becomes a cornerstone of survival. From natural disasters to societal upheavals, the prepper's perspective emphasizes the necessity of self-reliance, especially when it comes to food.
This article delves into various strategies and techniques essential for preppers to secure their food supply for the long haul. Exploring avenues such as long-term food storage, canning, and the creation of survival staples like pemmican, it also delves into the primal arts of hunting, gathering, and fishing. Additionally, the significance of gardening, particularly with heirloom seeds, is underscored as a means to ensure sustainable food production.
The Fragility of the System:
There are complex and interconnected factors that have put the global food system under immense strain. It highlights the fragility of our food supplies and the need for urgent action to increase resilience, and ensure everyone has access to safe and nutritious food. Below are several factors that have caused food prices to increase, resulted in food shortages, and may well impact future food availability.
"Over 820 million people suffer from hunger; new UN report reveals stubborn realities of 'immense' global challenge." - UN Report
Global Supply Chain Disruptions and Lingering Pandemic Effects: The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in global food supply chains. Lockdowns, border closures, and labor shortages led to delays and disruptions. While the worst disruptions have eased, lingering effects continue to cause volatility in food markets.12
Russia-Ukraine War: The war between two of the world's primary agricultural powerhouses has severely impacted global food supplies. Ukraine, a major grain and oilseed exporter, has seen much of its export capacity cut off. Additionally, sanctions on Russia have disrupted fertilizer supplies, as Russia is a leading fertilizer exporter. This has a ripple effect, increasing costs for farmers worldwide and threatening future harvests.34
‘Climate Change’ and Extreme Weather: Climate change-blamed events like droughts, wildfires, and floods pose a growing threat to food security. California's prolonged drought has strained its agricultural output, while wildfires have devastated crops and livestock. In other parts of the world, like Pakistan and parts of Europe and Australia, extreme flooding has decimated agricultural areas and products.56
Unintended Consequences of Policies: In some cases, ‘well-intentioned’ policies have contributed to food supply issues. Sri Lanka's sudden ban on synthetic fertilizers, motivated by environmental aims, led to catastrophic crop failures, food shortages, and economic collapse. Similar policies are being pushed in several countries, as governments put increasing pressure on farmers - increasing costs, reducing outputs, and putting many out of business.789
Food Processing Facility Disasters: The unusual number of fires and accidents at food processing facilities across the US in recent years has raised concerns, with clear explanations are often lacking. These incidents, whether accidental or otherwise, disrupt local and regional food supplies. (See below for a partial list - deleted from non-archival posts)1011
Government Stockpiling and Preparedness Warnings: Growing geopolitical tensions and supply worries have led some governments, notably China, to aggressively stockpile food reserves. In India, they’ve stopped exporting key foods. In Europe, leaders are urging citizens to prepare for potential food and energy shortages if the war with Russia escalates, signaling rising alarm about future food security.121314
Bird Flu and Mass Culling: Another recent challenge impacting the food supply is the ‘outbreak’ (by way of PCR testing) of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), commonly known as bird flu. This highly contagious virus has affected poultry farms worldwide, leading to mass culling of birds to prevent further spread. These culls have disrupted poultry production, leading to shortages and price increases for eggs, chicken, and other poultry products.1516
Inflationary Pressures and Food Prices: The global economy has faced significant inflationary pressures recently. While multiple factors like supply chain disruptions contribute to this, some experts argue that quantitative easing (QE), a monetary policy used during the pandemic to stimulate the economy, has also played a role. By injecting significant amounts of money into the system, QE can contribute to inflation by increasing demand for goods and services beyond what the economy can readily supply. This can lead to higher prices across the board, including food.1718
[Anaylst note: this does not include predicted or possible future events, all of which can have varying impacts on the global food supply system. There is a concerted effort to introduce “green” initiatives that could detrimentally impact food outputs. Escalting regional wars would undoubtedly impact on food availability and increase supply chain challenges. A black swan event, like a massive blackout, cyberattack, or another pandemic, would all have devasting impacts on food supplies and availability. Last, legistlation, attempting to make homestead, and household gardens an act of ecocide, could impact one’s ability to grow one’s own foods, impacting access to clean, healthy foods.19]
Long-Term Food Storage:
Preppers often prioritize storing long-term food supplies to ensure they have access to essential sustenance in case of emergencies or disruptions. Here are some methods they use:
Choosing the right foods:
Focus on shelf-stable staples: Prioritize non-perishable items with long shelf lives, like canned goods, dried beans, lentils, rice, pasta, and powdered milk.
Consider variety and nutrition: Aim for a balanced selection that includes protein sources (canned meats, beans, nuts), carbohydrates (grains, pasta), healthy fats (canned fish, nuts, seeds), and essential vitamins and minerals (dried fruits, vegetables).
Factor in personal preferences and dietary needs: Choose familiar foods you'll enjoy consuming, and cater to any dietary restrictions in your household.
Storing methods:
Airtight containers: Transfer opened packages of dried goods to airtight containers like Mylar bags, glass jars, or food-grade plastic bins to prevent spoilage from moisture, pests, and oxygen exposure.
Oxygen absorbers: Include oxygen absorbers in Mylar bags to further extend the shelf life of dry goods by removing oxygen, which can contribute to spoilage.
Cool, dry, and dark location: Store prepped food in a cool, dry, and dark location with consistent temperatures, ideally between 50°F and 70°F (10°C and 21°C). Avoid areas prone to extreme heat, cold, or humidity, as these can negatively impact food quality and safety.
Proper labeling and rotation: Label all stored food with the date of purchase or packaging and rotate stock regularly. First In, First Out (FIFO) is a common practice to ensure you consume older items first and prevent spoilage.
Additional considerations:
Food preservation methods: Consider learning food preservation methods like canning, drying, or dehydrating to further expand your long-term food options.
Water storage: Don't forget about water storage. Aim for a gallon of water per person per day for at least three days (starting point), and consider longer durations for extended emergencies. (see Post 80)
Emergency cooking: Plan for alternative cooking methods in case of power outages. Stockpile camping stoves, fuel canisters, or fire starters. Consider a wood-buring stove in colder climates.
Regularly assess and update: Regularly inspect your stored food for signs of spoilage or damage, and update your stockpile as needed to ensure its effectiveness.
Remember, these are general guidelines, and the specific methods you choose will depend on your individual needs, resources, and circumstances. It's crucial to conduct thorough research and consult with qualified professionals before implementing any food storage strategies.
Long-Term Food Buckets, Bags:
Here are some companies that specialize in long-term food storage products:
Augason Farms: Offers a wide variety of long-term food storage options, including freeze-dried and canned foods, Mylar bags, oxygen absorbers, and food storage containers.
Emergency Essentials: Provides a variety of emergency preparedness kits, including food, water, shelter, and first aid supplies. They also offer individual food storage items like buckets, Mylar bags, and oxygen absorbers.
Legacy Food Storage: Specializes in long-term emergency food kits with a shelf life of up to 25 years. Their kits include a variety of freeze-dried and canned foods, as well as water purification tablets.
Valley Food Storage: Offers a variety of long-term food storage buckets and kits, as well as individual food storage items like Mylar bags, oxygen absorbers, and water filters.
My Patriot Supply: Sells a wide variety of emergency preparedness products, including long-term food storage kits, water purification tablets, first aid kits, and survival gear. They also offer individual food storage items like buckets, Mylar bags, and oxygen absorbers.
ReadyWise: Offers various long-term survival food and emergency food kits with a 25-year shelf life. They also provide individual food storage items like buckets, Mylar bags, and oxygen absorbers.
PrepSOS: Specializes in emergency food storage with a 30-year shelf life or more. They offer food stored in stackable buckets and cans for space-saving storage.
Wise Company: Provides freeze-dried and dehydrated meals with a 25-year shelf life, alongside long-term food storage essentials like buckets, Mylar bags, and oxygen absorbers.
Mountain House: Offers freeze-dried backpacking and camping meals with a 25-year shelf life, which can also be used for long-term food storage at home.
Emergency Food Storage: Specializes in long-term food storage solutions, including buckets, Mylar bags, oxygen absorbers, and water filters. They also offer various pre-packaged food kits for different storage needs and durations.
Remember, thorough research and price comparison are crucial before making any purchase. Consider factors like product quality, shelf life, variety, and budget when choosing a long-term food storage solution.
Canning:
Canning is a method of preserving food by sealing it in sterilized jars and processing them at high temperatures to kill harmful bacteria and spores that can cause spoilage. Properly canned food can be stored safely at room temperature for extended periods, typically one to five years depending on the food and acidity level.
Materials:
Canning pot: Large pot deep enough to fully submerge jars for boiling.
Canning jars: Heat-resistant glass jars with lids and bands specifically designed for canning.
Jar lifter: Tool to safely grab hot jars from boiling water.
Lid lifter: Magnetic tool to retrieve hot lids from simmering water.
Canning funnel: Wide-mouth funnel for easy filling of jars.
Headspace tool: Optional tool to measure the correct headspace (empty space at the top of the jar) for different foods.
Canning rack: Elevated rack to prevent jars from touching the bottom of the pot during processing.
Canning Methods:
Water bath canning: Suitable for high-acid foods like fruits, pickled vegetables, jams, jellies, and salsas. Involves processing jars in simmering water (212°F or 100°C).
Pressure canning: Necessary for low-acid foods like vegetables, meat, fish, and poultry. Uses a pressure canner that traps steam and increases the processing temperature (typically 240°F to 250°F or 115°C to 121°C) to destroy heat-resistant bacteria.
Canning steps (using water bath canning as an example):
Wash and sterilize jars and lids: Wash jars in hot soapy water and rinse thoroughly. Submerge them in boiling water for at least 10 minutes to sterilize. Keep lids and bands hot in simmering water.
Prepare your food: Wash and prepare your chosen recipe according to specific canning instructions.
Fill jars: Pack jars with food, leaving the recommended headspace. Add liquid (water, juice, or syrup) as per the recipe.
Wipe rims and seal jars: Wipe jar rims clean with a damp cloth. Place lids on jars and screw bands finger-tight.
Process in boiling water: Place jars on a canning rack in the boiling water bath. Ensure water covers jars by at least 1 inch. Bring water back to a boil and process for the recommended time according to the recipe and altitude (higher altitudes require longer processing times).
Cool and store: Carefully remove jars from the canner and place them on a wire rack to cool at room temperature for 12-24 hours. Check lids for seal (they should be indented). Properly sealed jars can be stored at room temperature for up to one year.
Examples and Shelf Life:
Pickled cabbage: Water bath canned pickled cabbage can last 1-2 years.
Strawberry jam: Water bath canned strawberry jam can last 1 year.
Green beans: Pressure canned green beans can last 5 years.
Chicken: Pressure canned chicken can last 1-2 years.
Important Note:
Canning is a precise process that requires following specific instructions and safety guidelines to prevent foodborne illnesses. Always refer to reliable and tested recipes from reputable sources like the National Center for Home Food Preservation (https://nchfp.uga.edu/search.html) for accurate processing times and procedures. It's recommended for beginners to start with water bath canning and high-acid foods before attempting pressure canning or low-acid foods.
Long-Term Eggs:
Both water glassing and pickling offer extended shelf life for eggs, though with different approaches and results. Water glassing preserves uncooked eggs for up to a year, ideal for long-term storage. However, eggs develop a rubbery texture and require longer cooking times. Pickled eggs, while retaining their form, offer a tangy flavor and a shelf life of several weeks to months when stored in the refrigerator. They are not suitable for long-term storage unrefrigerated. Choose the method based on your desired storage duration and preferred outcome for the eggs.
Method 1: Hydrated Lime (Water Glassing): This traditional method seals egg pores with an alkaline solution, preventing air exchange and spoilage.
Materials:
Hydrated lime (pickling lime, calcium hydroxide)
Large food-grade container (crocks or food-grade buckets)
Fresh, unwashed eggs
Instructions:
Make the lime solution: In your container, mix 1 ounce of hydrated lime per quart of water. Stir until completely dissolved.
Add eggs: Carefully place unwashed, freshly laid eggs in the solution, pointy side down. Ensure eggs are submerged with 1-2 inches of solution above them. Add more water and lime mixture if needed.
Store: Cover the container loosely and place it in a cool, dark, and stable location (ideal temperature range between 33°F and 55°F).
Rotate eggs: Rotate the eggs occasionally (once a month is recommended) to prevent them from sticking to the bottom.
Use: Retrieve eggs as needed. Rinse thoroughly before use. Water glassed eggs can last up to a year or longer.
Method 2: Pickling Eggs: This method gives a tangy flavor and extends the shelf life of eggs.
Materials:
Hard-boiled eggs
Pickling brine (water, vinegar, spices)
Glass jars with lids
Instructions:
Hard-boil eggs: Prepare a batch of hard-boiled eggs using your usual method. Cool completely and peel.
Make brine: Select a suitable pickling brine recipe. Typical recipes include a mix of vinegar, water, spices, and sometimes sugar.
Pack jars: Place peeled hard-boiled eggs into sterilized glass jars. Carefully pour hot pickling brine over them to cover completely.
Refrigerate: Cool to room temperature before sealing jars tightly. Transfer jars to the refrigerator. Pickled eggs can last several weeks to months in the refrigerator.
Important Considerations:
Hydrated lime: Ensure you are using food-grade hydrated lime for the water glassing method. Safety goggles and gloves are recommended while handling the lime solution.
Freshness: Both methods achieve best results with very fresh, unwashed eggs.
Pickling variations: Experiment with different pickling recipes to add various flavors, like beets, dill, or spicy peppers.
Pemmican:
Pemmican, a dense and nutritious food, boasts a rich history dating back to indigenous communities in North America. Originally created by tribes like the Cree and Lakota, pemmican was essential for survival and travel due to its high calorie content and extended shelf life. It quickly gained popularity among fur traders and explorers, becoming a staple for long journeys through harsh environments. Let's delve into the creation of this traditional food and explore its remarkable properties.
Making Pemmican: A DIY Approach: While preparing authentic pemmican involves traditional drying techniques, here's a simplified approach using readily available ingredients:
Materials:
1 pound lean ground meat (beef, bison, venison, elk)
½ pound dried fruit (cranberries, raisins, cherries)
¼ cup melted fat (tallow, coconut oil or ghee butter)
Salt to taste
Method:
Brown the meat: In a large pan, cook the ground meat over medium heat until browned and cooked through. Drain any excess fat.
Dehydrate the meat (optional): For a longer shelf life, spread the cooked meat on a dehydrator tray and dehydrate at 165°F (74°C) until completely dry and crumbly.
Crumble: If not dehydrated, shred or crumble the cooked meat.
Combine ingredients: In a large bowl, combine the meat with dried fruit, melted fat, and salt. Mix well to distribute evenly.
Form and store: Pack the mixture firmly into airtight containers or form into bars and wrap tightly in plastic wrap or beeswax paper. Store in a cool, dry place.
Pemmican boasts an impressive shelf life of up to five years when properly stored. Its high protein and fat content provides about 100 calories per ounce, making it a valuable source of energy during periods of physical exertion or limited food access. However, it's important to note that pemmican is not a complete meal and should be consumed alongside other foods to ensure balanced nutrition.
While pemmican's origins lie in the past, its combination of portability, nutrient density, and long shelf life continues to resonate today. Whether you're an outdoors enthusiast, a prepper, or simply curious about traditional foods, creating your own pemmican can be a rewarding and practical endeavor.
Hunting - Fishing - Gathering:
For preppers, the ability to hunt, fish, and gather can be valuable in a survival situation. These skills offer the potential to supplement food supplies, foster self-reliance, and increase adaptability in challenging environments. However, the challenges are significant.
Not all environments are resource-rich, and mastering these skills takes dedicated training and practice. Additionally, a surge in individuals relying on the same limited resources during a crisis can quickly deplete them. Even acquiring food requires further skills like processing and preserving it, which can be difficult without proper tools and knowledge.
While these skills hold merit in specific scenarios, they shouldn't be considered a primary solution for most preppers, especially in urban or suburban areas. Reliance on wild food can be unreliable and unsustainable. Furthermore, responsible practices are crucial to maintain the ecological balance. Ultimately, preppers should view these skills as supplementary and focus on building a diverse food storage strategy alongside acquiring them for true preparedness. Remember, thorough learning, responsible practice, and realistic expectations are essential for these skills to be truly helpful in a survival situation.
Gardening:
For preppers, cultivating a garden is a cornerstone of sustainable food production in a potential emergency. Heirloom seeds, unlike hybrids, can be replanted year after year, making them invaluable. Preppers should learn seed saving techniques, research suitable food crops for their specific climate, and practice crop rotation to maintain soil health. Utilizing homemade compost or chicken manure provides natural fertilizer rich in nutrients for optimal plant growth.
Garden Varieties:
Raised beds: Offer numerous advantages: improved accessibility for planting and tending, superior drainage to prevent root rot, and earlier soil temperatures allowing for earlier planting. To create raised beds, construct frames using wood, stone, or even recycled materials like old tires. Fill the beds with a mixture of topsoil, compost, and other organic matter.
Cons: While offering numerous benefits, raised beds also come with some drawbacks: Building raised beds can be relatively expensive compared to directly planting in the ground, especially when using high-quality materials like cedar wood. Raised beds occupy designated areas and may not be suitable for those with limited gardening space. Raised beds require regular maintenance to maintain soil quality and structure. This includes replenishing compost, watering more frequently due to increased exposure, and managing potential weed growth.
Material considerations: To deter burrowing animals like gophers and moles, consider installing hardware cloth (galvanized steel mesh) at the bottom of the raised bed before filling it with soil. This adds an extra cost and requires additional work during construction. Lining the bed with weed barrier fabric or Tyvek can help suppress weed growth and potentially extend the lifespan of the wooden frame by reducing moisture contact. However, this introduces non-biodegradable materials and may require adjustments for proper drainage.
Wood type: The type of wood used significantly impacts durability and cost:
Cedar: Naturally rot-resistant, but also the most expensive option.
Treated wood: Affordable and readily available, but may contain chemicals unsuitable for food production. Check for labels specifying "ground contact" and safe use for vegetable gardens.
Stained wood: Staining can offer some protection against the elements, but the effectiveness depends on the type and quality of stain. Be cautious as some stains may contain harmful chemicals.
Lifespan: The lifespan of a raised bed depends on various factors, including:
Cedar can last 10-20 years, while treated wood typically lasts 5-10 years and untreated wood may only last 2-3 years. Proper drainage, avoiding direct contact with soil, and applying protective coatings (if using appropriate options) can extend the lifespan. Harsh weather conditions like excessive rain or sun exposure can accelerate wood rot.
Straw bale gardening: Ideal for limited space or poor soil quality. Start by soaking straw bales in water for several days to soften them and initiate decomposition, which provides essential nutrients for plants. Place the moistened bales on a weed barrier or cardboard sheet, and plant directly into the top.
Cons: While straw bale gardening offers a unique and potentially space-saving solution, it's essential to be aware of its limitations. Conditioning straw bales requires consistent watering and monitoring over several days, adding an extra step compared to traditional gardening. Straw bales decompose over time, typically needing replacement after one growing season, leading to ongoing cost and effort. As the straw decomposes, it can initially absorb nitrogen from the soil, potentially impacting plant growth. Amending the soil with compost or nitrogen-rich fertilizers is crucial. Straw bales dry out quickly due to their open structure, requiring frequent watering, especially during hot weather. Some deep-rooted plants may not be suitable for straw bale gardens due to the limited space and potential root restrictions.
Considerations: Ensure the straw bales are sourced from a reliable supplier known to use cereal straw (oat, wheat, or barley) and avoid using straw treated with herbicides or pesticides. Choose a sunny location with good drainage and protection from strong winds that could topple the bales. Applying mulch around the base of the bale can help suppress weeds. Regular fertilization with a balanced fertilizer is essential throughout the growing season to compensate for nutrient depletion from straw decomposition.
Hugelkultur: A raised bed method that utilizes decomposing wood to create fertile soil with excellent water retention. Dig a trench and fill it with woody materials like logs and branches. Layer on top with a mix of leaves, twigs, and other organic matter, followed by topsoil and compost. As the wood decomposes, it releases nutrients and creates a thriving environment for plants.
Cons: While Hugelkultur offers long-term benefits and soil improvements, there are some drawbacks to consider. Building a hugelkultur bed involves significant initial effort compared to other methods. It requires gathering and arranging large woody materials, which can be physically demanding. Due to the gradual decomposition process, hugelkultur beds may take longer to become fully productive compared to raised beds or traditional in-ground planting. The decomposing wood can attract unwanted pests like fungus gnats or termites, requiring monitoring and potentially implementing control measures. Hugelkultur beds typically take up more space than raised beds due to the inclusion of logs and branches. Maintaining proper moisture levels can be trickier in hugelkultur beds as the decomposing wood can initially absorb significant amounts of water. Balancing watering needs and preventing over-saturation is crucial.
Considerations: Choose untreated wood from non-toxic tree species like oak, maple, or birch. Avoid using pressure-treated wood or wood from fruit trees, as these can release harmful chemicals. Ensure proper layering of materials, starting with the largest logs at the bottom and gradually progressing to smaller branches and organic matter. Regularly monitor the moisture level and adjust watering practices as needed. Signs of excessive moisture include water pooling at the surface or persistent fungal growth. While most plants can thrive in hugelkultur beds, consider starting with shallow-rooted plants initially to allow for sufficient decomposition and nutrient release.
Greenhouses: Extend the growing season and protect crops from harsh weather, allowing cultivation throughout the year in some regions. Building a greenhouse requires more initial investment and ongoing maintenance, such as temperature and humidity control. However, they enable preppers to cultivate a wider variety of plants and achieve higher yields.
Cons: While greenhouses offer numerous benefits for preppers, they also come with some drawbacks to consider. Building or purchasing a greenhouse can be significantly more expensive compared to other gardening methods, especially for larger or more sophisticated structures. Greenhouses require ongoing maintenance to ensure proper ventilation, temperature control, and humidity levels. This can involve regular cleaning, adjusting ventilation systems, and potentially heating or cooling depending on the climate and desired growing conditions. Operating a greenhouse effectively may require knowledge of plant needs, pest control strategies, and irrigation systems, particularly for more complex setups. While greenhouses can extend the growing season and protect plants from harsh weather, they may not be suitable for all climates. Extremely hot or cold climates might require additional investment in heating or cooling systems for year-round use. The enclosed environment of a greenhouse can create ideal conditions for the spread of plant diseases. Implementing proper sanitation practices and maintaining good air circulation are crucial to prevent outbreaks.
Considerations: Choose a greenhouse size and type that aligns with your needs, budget, and available space. Options range from simple hoop houses to more complex, climate-controlled structures. Select a location that receives ample sunlight and has good air circulation. Consider factors like wind protection and access to water and electricity. Ensure proper ventilation is present to regulate temperature and humidity levels and prevent condensation buildup. This can involve installing vents, fans, or automatic ventilation systems. Depending on your climate and desired growing conditions, consider incorporating heating or cooling systems to maintain optimal temperatures throughout the year.
Walipinis: These underground greenhouses offer year-round growing capabilities, even in harsh climates. Construction involves digging a pit and lining it with insulation materials like straw and cob (a mixture of clay, sand, and straw). While highly efficient for food production, walipinis require significant initial effort to create and can have high water needs depending on the climate. They are best suited for preppers with the resources and appropriate climate conditions.
Cons: While walipinis offer year-round growing potential, they come with some unique challenges and require careful planning. Building a walipini requires more effort and specific skills compared to other gardening methods. It involves excavation, insulation, and potentially masonry work depending on the chosen design. The materials and labor required for construction can be significantly costlier than other raised bed or greenhouse options. Due to their design and potential for increased evaporation in warmer climates, walipinis may require more frequent watering compared to traditional planting or even greenhouses. While offering advantages in some climates, walipinis might not be the best choice for all locations. Extremely cold climates may require additional insulation measures, while very hot and dry regions might struggle with maintaining adequate moisture levels. Walipinis require regular maintenance to ensure proper drainage, maintain insulation integrity, and address potential issues like cracks or leaks.
Considerations: Carefully plan the size, location, and desired insulation materials based on your climate and intended use. Professional guidance or thorough research is crucial for a successful and functional walipini. Implement efficient irrigation systems like drip lines to deliver water directly to the root zone and minimize evaporation. Mulching the inside of the walipini can also help retain moisture. Choose a well-draining soil mix suitable for container gardening to prevent waterlogging and ensure proper plant growth. Regularly monitor the moisture levels and adjust watering practices as needed to avoid overwatering or underwatering. In colder climates, consider incorporating additional insulation materials like straw bales or cobb walls during construction. In hot and dry climates, shade cloth can be used on the south-facing side to reduce heat exposure and minimize water loss.
Remember, success in any gardening method hinges on careful planning, observation, and commitment. Preppers should select the approach that best aligns with their climate, resources, skill level, and desired outcomes. By understanding the principles of soil health, plant selection, and sustainable practices, preppers can cultivate a reliable source of fresh, nutritious food even in an emergency.
Other Considerations:
Beyond choosing appropriate gardening methods, there are several other essential considerations for preppers seeking sustainable food production. These include the need to understand what plants self pollinate, and which do not. The need for flowers to draw in pollinators. Another example, is where to plant berries, particularly raspberries and blackberries. These plants have vigorous spreading habits and can easily become invasive. It’s best to dedicate a specific area, potentially contained with raised beds and root barriers. This will prevent them from encroaching on other crops. Knowing which plants are perennials, like asparagus, rosemary, or rhubarb, is also valuable as they provide harvests over multiple seasons. This saves effort and resources needed for replanting annuals, and ensures a source of food for years to come.
Reducing or eliminating harmful insects requires a multifaceted approach. Introducing beneficial predators, like ladybugs, is an excellent natural method against aphids. Organic soaps or bacterial sprays, like Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis), offer targeted control solutions for specific pests. For fungal diseases, preventive measures like proper plant spacing for good airflow are crucial. If fungal issues arise, consider using organic fungicides like copper or sulfur. Proper watering practices also play a significant role. Watering in the early morning reduces excess moisture on leaves, which can discourage fungal growth.
Physical barriers like fencing are essential to protect your crops from unwelcome critters. The height and material will depend on whether you aim to keep out deer, rabbits, pets, or even unwanted human visitors. Storage of harvested produce is vital for extending its lifespan. A traditional root cellar offers cool, stable temperatures ideal for potatoes, onions, carrots, and other root vegetables.
Having a diverse mix of gardening methods has numerous benefits for preppers. Raised beds, greenhouses, and various specialized gardens provide staggered growing seasons and offer a broader range of plant options. This approach makes your food supply more adaptable to potential weather disruptions and reduces the risk of crop failure. Furthermore, different garden setups offer varying levels of protection against birds and extreme weather, increasing the likelihood of successful harvests.
In a survival situation, another crucial consideration emerges: theft. With limited food available, desperation can lead people to take drastic measures. While security measures, which will be discussed in another post, are vital, having additional food sources readily available can act as a deterrent to theft. This could involve planting crops that are less visually appealing or have a longer growing season, making them less noticeable or inaccessible during the early stages of a crisis. Additionally, strategically placing some "sacrificial" crops in a more easily accessible location can appease potential thieves while keeping your primary food stores hidden and protected.
Finally, let's delve into watering techniques. Overhead watering via sprinklers or watering cans is the simplest, but wetting plant leaves can increase susceptibility to fungal diseases. It's generally preferable to water early in the morning to allow excess moisture to evaporate. Drip irrigation systems and soaker hoses deliver water directly to the root zone, minimizing waste, reducing evaporation, and lowering the risk of fungal growth and weed proliferation. Understanding these distinctions will enhance your water efficiency and yield better quality crops.
Conclusion:
From acquiring the skills to hunt and fish to mastering the intricacies of various gardening methods, ensuring a reliable food source is a cornerstone of any prepper's plan. While self-sufficiency may seem aspirational, this series has explored the various avenues available to cultivate a sense of control and preparedness in the face of potential challenges.
Understanding the strengths and limitations of hunting, fishing, and gathering empowers individuals to make informed decisions about their reliance on these methods. While these skills can offer valuable supplementary support, a sustainable solution often lies in growing your own food.
Through exploration of diverse gardening methods like raised beds, straw bales, hugelkultur, greenhouses, and even walipinis, preppers can tailor their approach to their specific climate, resources, and needs. Each method brings unique advantages and considerations, from cost and maintenance to space requirements and water needs.
Furthermore, understanding the intricacies of planting, watering, pest control, and storage – including the benefits of perennials and the specialized needs of berries – lays a solid foundation for successful food production. Implementing organic pest control solutions, proper watering practices like using drip irrigation, and employing techniques like companion planting contribute to a holistic and sustainable approach.
Ultimately, a diverse combination of strategies, carefully planned and meticulously executed, empowers preppers to cultivate a sense of self-reliance and food security. By investing time and effort in acquiring the necessary skills and knowledge, individuals can take control of their food source, fostering a sense of security and preparedness regardless of the circumstances they may face.
Remember, the journey towards self-sufficiency begins with the planting of a single seed, and through dedication and a willingness to learn, preppers can cultivate a harvest of resilience and self-reliance.
Related Posts:
Post 77: Prepping - Beginner's Guide: How to Prepare for Disaster
Post 78: Prepping - Mindset
Post 79: Prepping - An Intelligence Based Approach
Post 80: Prepping - Water
Here's a complied list of nearly 100 fires from 2021 and 2022 from Rumble:
1— 4/30/21 Monmouth Smithfield Foods pork processing plant
2— 7/25/21 Memphis Kellogg plant
3— 8/13/21 JBS beef plant
4— 8/24/21 Patak Meat Company
5— 7/30/21 Tyson River Valley ingredient plant
6— 10/21/21 Darigold plant
7— 11/15/21 Garrard County food plant
8—11/29/21 Maid-Rite Steak Company
9—12/13/21 San Antonio food processing, West side Foods
10—1/7/22 Hamilton Mountain poultry processing
Plant
11—1/13/22 Cargill-Nutrene feed mill. Lacombe, La
12—1/31/22 Winston-Salem fertilizer plant
13—2/3/22 Wisconsin River Meats
14—2/3/22 Percy dairy farm
15—2/5/22 Wisconsin River Meats processing facility destroyed by fire in Mauston, Wisconsin.
16—2/15/22 Bonanza Meat Company goes up in flames in El Paso, Texas
17—2/15/22 Shearer's Foods Food processing plant explodes in Hermiston, Oregon.
18—2/16/22 Indiana Louis-Dreyfus soy processing plant
19—2/18/22 Bess View Farms
20—2/19/22 Lincoln premiere poultry
21—2/22/22 Shearer's Foods potato chip plant
22—2/22/22 Fire destroys Deli Star Meat Plant in Fayetteville, Illinois.
23—2/28/22 nutrient AG Solutions fertilizer facility burns
24—2/28/22 Shadow Brook Farm & Dutch girl Creamery burns
25—3/4/22 294,800 chickens destroyed at farm in Stoddard, Missouri
26—3/4/22 644,000 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Cecil, Maryland
27—3/8/22 243,900 chickens destroyed at egg farm in New Castle, Delaware
28—3/10/22 663,400 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Cecil, Maryland
29—3/10/22 915,900 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Taylor, Iowa
30—3/14/22 Wayne Hoover dairy farm, barn full of cows burns
313/14/22 2,750,700 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Jefferson, Wisconsin
32—3/16/22 Walmart Distribution Center burns for 76 hours in Plainfield Ind.
33—3/16/22 Nestle Food Plant extensively damaged in fire and new production destroyed Jonesboro, Arkansas
34—3/17/22 5,347,500 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Buena Vista, Iowa
35—3/17/22 147,600 chickens destroyed at farm in Kent, Delaware
36—3/18/22 315,400 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Cecil, Maryland
37—3/19/22 Walmart Food Distribution center catches fire in Plainfield, Indiana
38—3/22/22 172,000 Turkeys destroyed on farms in South Dakota
39—3/22/22 570,000 chickens destroyed at farm in Butler, Nebraska
40—3/24/22 Major Fire at McCrum Potato Plant in Belfast, Maine.
41—3/24/22 418,500 chickens destroyed at farm in Butler, Nebraska
42—3/25/22 250,300 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Franklin, Iowa
43—3/26/22 311,000 Turkeys destroyed in Minnesota
44—3/27/22 126,300 Turkeys destroyed in South Dakota
45—3/28/22 1,460,000 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Guthrie, Iowa
46—3/29/22 Maricopa, Az. Food Pantry burns down 50,000 pounds of Food destroyed in Maricopa, Arizona.
47—3/31/22 Rio Fresh Onion factory damaged by fire in San Juan, Texas.
48—3/31/22 76,400 Turkeys destroyed in Osceola, Iowa
49—3/31/22 5,011,700 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Osceola, Iowa
50—4/6/22 281,600 chickens destroyed at farm in Wayne, North Carolina
51—4/9/22 76,400 Turkeys destroyed in Minnesota
52—4/9/22 208,900 Turkeys destroyed in Minnesota
53—4/12/22 89,700 chickens destroyed at farm in Wayne, North Carolina
54—4/12/22 1,746,900 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Dixon, Nebraska
55—4/12/22 259,000 chickens destroyed at farm in Minnesota
56—4/13/22 Fire destroys East Conway Beef & Pork Meat Market in Conway, New Hampshire.
57—4/13/22 Plane crashes into Gem State Processing, Idaho potato and food processing plant
58—4/13/22 77,000 Turkeys destroyed in Minnesota
59—4/14/22 Taylor Farms Food Processing plant burns down Salinas, California.
60—4/14/22 Salinas food processing plant
61—4/14/22 99,600 Turkeys destroyed in Minnesota
62—4/15/22 1,380,500 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Lancaster, Minnesota
63—4/19/22 Azure Standard nation’s premier independent distributor of organic and healthy food, was destroyed by fire in Dufur, Oregon
64—4/19/22 339,000 Turkeys destroyed in Minnesota
65—4/19/22 58,000 chickens destroyed at farm in Montrose, Colorado
66—4/20/22 2,000,000 chickens destroyed at egg farm in Minnesota
67—4/21/22 Plane crashes into and destroys General Mills
68—4/22/22 197,000 Turkeys destroyed in Minnesota
69—4/23/22 200,000 Turkeys destroyed in Minnesota
70—4/25/22 1,501,200 chickens destroyed at egg farm Cache, Utah
71—4/26/22 307,400 chickens destroyed at farm Lancaster Pennsylvania
72—4/27/22 2,118,000 chickens destroyed at farm Knox, Nebraska
73—4/28/22 Egg-laying facility in Iowa kills 5.3 million chickens, fires 200-plus workers
74—4/28/22 Allen Harim Foods a chicken processing company based in Delaware killed nearly 2 million chickens
75—4/2822 110,700 Turkeys destroyed Barron Wisconsin
76—4/29/22 1,366,200 chickens destroyed at farm Weld Colorado
77—4/30/22 13,800 chickens destroyed at farm Sequoia Oklahoma
78—5/3/22 58,000 Turkeys destroyed Barron Wisconsin
79—5/3/22 118,900 Turkeys destroyed Beadle S Dakota
80—5/3/22 114,000 ducks destroyed at Duck farm Berks Pennsylvania
81—5/3/22 118,900 Turkeys destroyed Lyon Minnesota
82—5/7/22 20,100 Turkeys destroyed Barron Wisconsin
83—5/10/22 72,300 chickens destroyed at farm Lancaster Pennsylvania
84—5/10/22 61,000 ducks destroyed at Duck farm Berks Pennsylvania
85—5/10/22 35,100 Turkeys destroyed Muskegon, Michigan
86—5/13/22 10,500 Turkeys destroyed Barron Wisconsin
87—5/14/22 83,400 ducks destroyed at Duck farm Berks Pennsylvania
88—5/17/22 79,00 chickens destroyed at Duck farm Berks Pennsylvania
89—5/18/22 7,200 ducks destroyed at Duck farm Berks Pennsylvania
90—5/19/22 Freight train derailment Jensen Beach FL
91—5/21/22 57,000 Turkeys destroyed on farm in Dakota Minnesota
92—5/23/22 4,000 ducks destroyed at Duck farm Berks Pennsylvania
93—5/29/22 200,000 Chickens killed in fire in Minnesota
94—5/31/22 3,000,000 chickens chickens destroyed at Forsman egg farm facility in Stockholm Township, Minnesota
95—6/2/22 30,000 ducks destroyed at Duck farm Berks Pennsylvania And
96— S & P Meats Burn Down in Spokane, WA. Gone In Summer 2021
REFERENCES:
https://web.archive.org/web/20240202014606/https://100percentfedup.com/stunning-map-shows-all-food-processing-plants-that-have-burned-down-blown-up-or-been-destroyed-under-biden/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=stunning-map-shows-all-food-processing-plants-that-have-burned-down-blown-up-or-been-destroyed-under-biden
https://grasslandbeef.com/collections/pemmican
https://www.farmhouseonboone.com/water-glassing-eggs
https://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheet/canning-foods-at-home/
https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/food-supply-chains-and-covid-19-impacts-and-policy-lessons-71b57aea/
https://academic.oup.com/fqs/article/4/4/167/5896496
https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/infographics/how-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine-has-further-aggravated-the-global-food-crisis/
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_BRI(2022)733667
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-31/deadly-floods-inundate-farms-in-pakistan-flushing-away-crops
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-27/floods-destroy-crops-in-australia-risking-more-food-inflation
https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/03/05/sri-lanka-organic-farming-crisis/
https://theconversation.com/food-crisis-in-africa-the-high-cost-of-imported-fertilisers-is-adding-to-the-problem-209664
https://www.cnn.com/2023/05/21/europe/floods-ruin-crops-livestock-italy-intl/index.html
https://www.city-journal.org/article/smoke-and-mirrors-2
https://www.visiontimes.com/2022/04/21/fires-destroy-food-processing-centers.html
https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/3173619/china-didnt-hoard-grains-stockpiling-ensure-domestic-food
https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/jan/26/why-are-european-defence-leaders-talking-about-war
https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2024/02/04/why-are-european-governments-urging-citizens-to-stockpile-prescription-drugs/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/jun/06/us-bird-flu-outbreak-millions-of-birds-culled-in-most-inhumane-way-available
https://www.naturalnews.com/2022-04-07-government-diagnosing-chickens-bird-flu-pcr-slaughter.html
https://www.restaurantware.com/blog/post/how-inflation-is-affecting-the-food-industry/
https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2020/article/the-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-food-price-indexes-and-data-collection.htm
https://www.stopecocide.earth/
I did not include the following: mini gardens in an urban or suburban setting, the importance and relative ease of fruit trees (from a limited water - food output, standpoint), or livestock like chickens, goats, pigs or cattle (the last I lack direct experience in).